Self and j



tion'oi" my apparatus is entirely mimdglaiw- WW1 attire M. .T. HITOHGOOK, or SPRINGFIELD," MASSACHUSETTS, assieson T0 one a V SELF AND J. W. LABAREE, or same PLACE.

Lem Patent 1v 100,404, dated Man-h 1, 1870.

STOVE FOR RAILROAD CARS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the name.

To all whom it mag concern Be it'lcnown that I, M. T. HrrcHoocK, of Springfield,-in the county of Hampden, and Commonwealth of M tssachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Oar-Heating Apparatus; and dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of 'my invention, reference beinghad to the annexed drawings making a, part oi this specification, and to the letters ot'reterence marked thereon, in which-- "Figure Lisa perspective'view of a minature carbody having my heating apparatus applied thereto, and having a portion of the'floor and of one side and end shown as broken away to display the arrangement of the heating apparatus more fully Figure 2 is an elevation of a part of the apparatus asviewed from a point beyond and in line with the door in the opposite end of the car; and

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the case of the heater, showing the arrangement ot'the pipes forsupplying the cold air and removing the smoke and other products of combustion, and for distributing the but an. I

My invention is designed to be appliedto a carheating stove of any form which can be inclosed in a drum or-hotair chamber of sheet metal, andconsists:

First, in a certain construction, arrangement, and

application ot'a pipe for supplying cold air to the hotair chamber iiom the outside atmosphere, and

Second, in the construction and arrangement relatively to each otherofasmokc flue and a hot-airconduit or distributer, and the application of the same to a railway-car.

'1he arrangement for the supply of cold air is as follows:

Blast-pipes to convey cold air from the outside atmosphere to the hot-air chamber of an encased stove have been employed in heaters for cars, and for other purposes, but my invention is designed to obviate a 'ditliculty which has been found to occur in the operation of such pipes as hitherto.employed, viz, that the cold air-pipeatibrded an escape for the hot-air from the chamber. if allowed to remainopen when the-car was at a stand-still. Cold air has also been forced through a water cistern before entering ,thecase ol' the stove to free it from cinders, the use of which arrangement is attended with many serious objections. My invention. dispenscs with any water attachment,

, and also prevents the llOU-ttllll'OlTl escaping by the.

blastpipe, and "constantlymaintains the so ppl y of cold air whether the car is in motion or not, and this por automatic, and re quires be closing of dampers or other adjustment at the stoppage or starting of a train. This I elfect by carrying the cold air pipe from the root down through the car-,and ashortfdistance below the floor, to the lower edge of the car-sill, or thereabouts thence by a regular curve I return the pipe through the floor and into the'drnm of the better, and extend it nearly to the top of the drum. The cold air pipe is, therefore, in the form of an inverted siphon, the longl'eg of which projects above the roof of the car for taking in cold aii through an induction ventilator, while the shorter leg opens into the upper part of the drum, and. the

bend of the siphon is exposed to the outside air beneath the floor. If necessary, a cinder-trap or case can be attached to the lcgsiu place of the curved portion of the pipe.

The construction and arrangement of the smokethie and hot-air conduit or distributer is as follows:

inclose the branch smoke-pipe with a space between the latter and the sides of the conduit, and is placed along the side of the car near the floor, or so as to be as much out of the way as possible. Openings in this conduit are provided with registers for distributing the hot air at frequent intervals. This conduit entersthe drum near the floor, and is to be extended as far toward the opposite end of the caras is necessary to fully distribute the hot air. 7 A damper in the main smoke-pipe above its junction with thebranch pipe enables me to cut off the directescape of the smoke and heated air from the interior of the furnace, and forces them to pass through the branch pipe, which they will readily do after a draught is established, by which arrangement a great amount of heat is radiated from the branch pipe into the hot-air conduit, which would otherwise be wasted. The hot air from the drum is forced through the hot-air conduitby thepressure of the column of cold air which. is introduced,

by'the blast-pipe, and is dist-iibuted 'through the car by the registers in the conduit. The heat radiated from the branch sniokc-pipe'is also added to the hot air whichenters the conduit from the drum.

Instead of placing the stove in a corner of the car, as shown, it may be locatedin the middle otthe length of the car, and a hot-air conduit and branch smoke:

pipe be then extended either way toward the opposite ends of the car. If the stove be placed as shown, a duplicate apparatus may be arranged upon the opposite side of the car, thestoves being set diagonally opcased within a hot-air chamber, and a siphon-shaped cold air pipe may be used separately, and by making sufiieient openings for the escape of the hot air near the base of the drum, the apparatus so arranged will constitute a most etficient heater, although less economical in fuel than the entire apparatus, as described in full.

The construction of my invention is as follows A represents the body of the. drum or hot-airchambcr, which is shown as surmounted by a smaller drum, A, (not an essential part,) and is supported upon a base, a, which rests upon the floor F of the car.

Openings D and D are made in the side of A, from which casings extend to the tire-door and ash-door of the stove S.

The smoke-pipe C rises from the top of the stove to the roof, and terminates in the conical hood 0, which is arranged to rotate with the current of air passing around it, so that its mouth will always be away from the wind.

A damper, (I, is inserted in G to cutofi' the main current of smoke when required. 1

In. fig. 3 is shown the branch pipeC C C, which leads from the main pipe and enters the hot-air conduit near the bottom ot'the drum, and leaves itat the other end of the car, at which point the vertical portion C of the branch pipe passes out through the root and is capped by a conical hood, 0', arranged and operating precisely like the hood 0 upon the main smokepipe.

The hot-air conduit may be rectangular or cylindrical, and is large enough to receive the branch smokepipe. (F with a tree space between the two.

The openings -r 1' may be fitted with registers, so that the outflow ot' hot-air in any part of the car may be regulated. This conduit may be made of sheetnn-tal, and applied near the floor in the most convenient position, and may, if necessary, be protected by an ornamental iron screen ol'open work.

. The cold air pipe B is carried through the root near the main smolw-pipe, and is surmounted by an induction \cntilatol', which will direct the air into the pipe.

A pair of induction ventilators are shown as surmounting the pipeB, which are of the form and designed to be similar in operation to the ventilator t'or hirh I obtained Letters Patent dated February 18, 1868, and I prefer for this use ventilators of that description, or those which resemble it in having a stationary shell, and operating cqually'wcll whether the car moves in one direction or the other. Any device which will gnide a current of air into the pipe B will be applicable.

The pipe then descends through the floor F of the car, and is curved, as seen at c f g, fig. 3, and is -continned upward from the floor into the drum. Forthe best effect, 1 extend the vertical part Bf of the blastpipe nearly to the top ot'lhe drum. The direction of the current of cold air entering the drlnn through the pipe B is indicated by the red lines and arrows in figs. 1 and 3. I

The supply of draught current is shown by the blue lines and arrows about the opening D in the drum, aml the direction of the currents of smoke and other products of combustion, by the blue. lines and arrows The direction of the hot-air current in the. conduit E and through the registers 'r T is indicated by red lines in figs. l and 4.

Unless the cinders are detained by the ventilators b b applied to the end of B, a cinder-trap, T, may be attached to the legs B B of the cold air pipe, in place of the curved portion efg, this trap being a simple box inwhich the cinders will lodge bytheir own gravity.

It will be evident thatitaiire is kindled in the stove S, and the air in the druln A. becomes heated, the part B of the hot-air pipe will also become warm, as well the air within this portion. This heated air will then rise, and the cold air in the longer tube B will descend, pass through the bend, and rise into B, and a steady supply of air colder than the air in the chamber will be kept up, aml this will follow whether the car is stationary or moving. In the latter case, however, the rate of the entering current of cold air will, of course, be greatly increased. It will also be evident that no hot air can escape from the chamber A through the cold airpipe so long as the conduit E is open, or there is any exit for the hot air at a point higher than the lowest partf of the curve. The portion e f g of the pipe B is, moreover, always exposed to the cold outside air, and any escape of hot. air through the bend would soon be checked, unless a great pressure of hot 'air was maintained in the drum. The bend, or the portion of the cold-airpipe below the floor ot' the car, is designed. therefore, to act as a seal against the improper escapeof any heated air, and the short arm is to be carried upward in the drum far enough to become heated, and thus create an inward flow of air through the siphon into the hot-air drmu, and 5 regard such a contbrmation ofthe'air-passage for supplying cold air to the drmn an important feature of my invention.

I am aware that pipes for supplying cold air to carstoveshave herctotbre been extended from the root'of the car through the floor, and thence carried by a curve into the bottom of the hot-air drum, and 1 do not claim such construction as ot'iny invention, and consider it to be necessary to the su cessot' my invention that the short arm ofthe siphon be extended upward 'ti'om the-hottom of the air-drum a sntiicicnt distance to become quickly heated, and thus create a current to supply the drum. Without such extension of the short arm of the siphon, l lind it dilficult to obtain any intlowing current through the cold-air pipe unless the car is in motion.

Having described my invention,

What I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 The siphonsshapcd pipe, so applied to the hot-air chamber of a car-heater that its short arm B shall downward current within the long arm B, aml deliver the air to said diam in a partially heated condition,

substantiallyas described and represented.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day of April, A. D. 1866.

Witnesses:

M. T. HITCHCOCK. L. L. DAVIS, J. I. Bucxcaxn.

extend upward within the drum A, so as to create a. Q 

